Yet as Cardozo pointed out, Netscape's dual standard did little beside highlight the absurdity of the US government's attempt to regulate encryption. They know there is no way of keeping strong crypto out of the hands of people who are determined to get it." So they created a significantly less secure 40-bit encryption protocol that was legal to provide to non-US citizens. But Netscape had a problem: It was in the business of supplying access to the global internet, but the United States' ITAR regulations meant that it couldn't export its full, 128-bit SSL encryption protocol outside the US and Canada. The company was working on developing its SSL encryption protocol to ensure security on its networks, which would eventually lead to the HTTPS web encryption standard used today. The first was being waged by Netscape Communications, the company responsible for the first widely used web browser, Netscape Navigator. "The government's fear was that if we didn't regulate this, it would allow the bad guys to have perfect security," said Nate Cardozo, a senior attorney at the Electronic Frontier Foundation, during a presentation at DEF CON last weekend.Īround the same time that the feds were trying to prosecute Zimmerman, two other major battles of the first crypto war were being fought.
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#Best pgp for android outlaw market software
This was the year that the software engineer Phil Zimmerman wrote his PGP program and began disseminating it on the internet, making public key encryption widely available for the first time.Īs the US News reported in 1995, the feds came after Zimmerman for violating regulations relating to export of munitions because his software had been exported out of the country on the internet. The script is an RSA signature coded in the PERL programming language and was used early on in the development of Pretty Good Privacy (PGP), a method of digitally encrypting messages.Īlthough the first crypto war is rooted in export regulations established at the height of the Cold War with the development of the Data Encryption Standard for use by commercial and military entities, the effects of these crypto regulations didn't become apparent until 1991.
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#Best pgp for android outlaw market code
It may not look like much, but putting these three lines of code on the internet without a permit technically made you an illicit arms dealer under the International Traffic of Arms Regulations (but in a bizarre twist, putting it on a t-shirt or in a book was totally chill).